الأفعال المساعدة Can وCould وMay وMight وMust — دليل ومحتوى منظم يساعدك على الوصول إلى المعلومات الأساسية في هذا الموضوع وقراءة التفاصيل الواردة في المقال.
Can
1- تُستخدم للتعبير عن القدرة (على القيام بفعل شيء) .
أمثلة :
I can make jewelry.
He can’t speak French.
Can you open this jar?
2- تُستخدم لطب الإذن .
أمثلة :
Can I use your bathroom?
Can I leave now?
Can I raise the volume?
3- تُستخدم للطلب أو للاقتراح .
أمثلة :
Can I have more napkins?
Can I have the bill?
You can take this spot if you like.
You can do whatever you want.
Could (ماضي Can)
1- تُستخدم لوصف القدرة (في الماضي) .
أمثلة :
I could swim when I was young.
You could see the boat sinking.
They could tell he was nervous.
2- تُستخدم غالبًا كفعل مساعد للتعبير عن طلب الإذن بأدب .
أمثلة :
Could I take this jacket with me?
You could borrow my umbrella.
Could you please let me pass you?
Could I get you more water?
3- تُستخدم للتعبير عن الإمكان .
أمثلة :
All of them could ride in the van.
You could always stay at our house.
Could it be true?
This plan could really work out.
May
1- تُستخدم لطلب الإذن الرسمي .
أمثلة :
May I come in?
May I say something now?
May I ask one question?
2- تُستخدم لاقتراح شيء يمكن أن يحدث .
أمثلة :
She may agree with this plan.
They may not be happy about what happened.
It may shower tonight.
Might (ماضي May)
* تُستخدم لاقتراح إمكانية حدوث شيء ، (ولكن أقل من May) .
* في الواقع؛ Might أكثر استخدامًا من May في اللهجة الأمريكية .
أمثلة :
He might have finished it.
I might go see a doctor.
I might not come this time.
It might be right.
You might have lost it.
The store might have been closed today.
Must
1- تُستخدم للتعبير عن شيء مطلوب وضروري بصفة رسمية .
أمثلة :
I must complete the project by this week.
The government must provide health care for everybody.
Everyone must save the natural resources of the earth.
The building must have a fire alarm.
You must answer my question right now.
2- تُستخدم للتعبير عن شيء أنه مرجَّح للغاية .
أمثلة :
He must be a genius.
You must be joking!
There must be an accident.
She must be very tired.
(اختبار 21.1)
اختر الكلمة الصحيحة لكل فراغ مما يأتي :
1) She (can, could, may, might, must) have practiced a lot. Her performance was amazing.
2) I can’t find my watch anywhere. I (can, could, may, might, must) have lost it.
3) Professor, (can, could, may, might, must) I ask a question?
4) (can, could, may, might, must) you please lower your voice?
5) You (can, could, may, might, must) be kidding! How is that possible?
6) I (can, could, may, might, must) speak both English and Chinese fluently.